Specific oligonucleotide primers for identification of. Cladophialophora bantiana, 310 cladophialophora boppii, 312 cladophialophora carrionii, 315 scedosporium species complex formerly pseudallescheria boydii complex, 317 lomentospora prolificans formerly scedosporium. Molecular diversity of cladophialophora carrionii in patients with. The most commonly isolated agents were fonsecaea pedrosoi in the humid tropical areas and cladophialophora carrionii in the semiarid zones of the southern madagascar 911. Cladophialophora carrionii phialophora like phialophora like. Cladophialophora carrionii is a recognised agent of chromoblastomycosis and it has been isolated from soil and fence posts made from eucalyptus spp. Fonsecaea species were found at a large phylogenetic distance. Chromoblastomycosis, also called chromomycosis, is a subcutaneous chronic mycosis caused by dematiaceous black fungi. Cladophialophora carrionii is one of the relatively common causative agents of chromoblastomycosis. For example, cladophialophora yegresii is a cactus endophyte, which is sometimes introduced into humans via cactus spines.
Pappas, in antibiotic and chemotherapy ninth edition, 2010 chromoblastomycosis. Pathologists of australasia rcpa mycology quality assurance program qap with a set of description sheets covering medically important fungi. Cladophialophora carrionii are prevalent in regions where the disease is endemic. Case report chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora. Global spread of human chromoblastomycosis is driven by. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Chromoblastomycosis cbm is a chronic disease of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues caused by filamentous fungi of the dematiaceae family with melanic. Pdf cladophialophora carrionii is one of the four major etiologic agents of human. The type specieschaetothyriales of cladophialophora, c. With advanced techniques and a team of skilled and dedicated scientists. It has been recently proposed that the genus malassezia should contain the new species m. Cladophialophora carrionii is a causative agent of chromoblastomycosis, a subcutaneous infection that occurs in subtropical areas such as madagascar, australia and northwestern venezuela.
In this study, we developed rapid and sensitive assays for the detection of cladophialophora carrionii, a common agent of human chromoblastomycosis. Chromoblastomycosis, also called chromomycosis is a subcutaneous chronic mycosis caused by dematiaceous black fungi. It solved the problem of describing an increasing number of species classified in the cladosporium genus, which were responsible for cbm cases 14. Cladophialophora bantiana, the neurotropic fungus a. Membership of the both carrionii and bantiana clades might be indicative of. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Pdf chromoblastomycosis caused by rhinocladiella aquaspersa. It is generally classified as a dematiaceous darkwalled fungus. Cladosporium species demonstrates radial grooves originating from the center of the mold. Cladophialophora is a genus of fungi in the family herpotrichiellaceae. Clinical diagnosis and fungal identification were confirmed by using molecular bi.
We present a case of infection due to cladophialophora carrionii, an agent of chromoblastomycosis in a 37yearold indian male. Cladophialophora bantiana is a member of the phylum ascomycota and has been isolated from soil samples from around the world. Several therapies have been applied, but there is no standard for treatment. It is one of the most common forms of cerebral chromoblastomycosis that has been isolated from humans. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. A global collection of cladophialophora carrionii strains n 81 was tested against nine antifungal drugs. Descriptions of medical fungi third edition revised november 2016 sarah kidd1,3, catriona halliday2, helen alexiou1 and david ellis1,3 1national myc ol gy r eferenc centre sa pathology, adelaide, south australia 2 c linical myc ogy r eferen aboratory centre for infectious diseases and microbiology. We report a case of cutaneous chromoblastomycosis of the left arm, caused by cladophialophora carrionii, in a 9yearold boy from india, who was earlier misdiagnosed as cutaneous tuberculosis. This genus is a mould that lacks a known sexual state and thus belongs to the fungi imperfecti. Muriform cells represent the invasive form of fungi causing chromoblastomycosis mendoza et al. The species is particularly observed in arid and semiarid climates of e. Cladophialophora carrionii is a relatively frequent etiologic agent of chromoblastomycosis in arid and semiarid climate zones of south and central america 6, 7, australia, and asia 9, 10.
Chromoblastomycosis caused by phialophora proven cases. Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infection caused by one of several pigmented dematiaceous fungi, most commonly fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, and cladophialophora carrionii. Medical mycology, volume 51, issue 2, february 20, pages 170177. Cladophialophora carrionii complex, with the description of a novel species. Three isothermal amplification techniques for rapid. Cladophialophora is a genus of black yeastlike fungi comprising a number of clinically highly significant species.
Twelve of 21 isolates of cladosporium carrionii, when grown on nutritionally deficient media such as lactrimel agar, hay infusion agar, diluted corn meal dextrose agar, and water agar, produced urniform phialides and phialoconidia identical with those produced by two isolates of cladophialophora ajelloi. The lipase activity of nine strains of six chromoblastomycosis agents fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, cladophialophora bantianum, cladophialophora carrionii, rhinocladiela aquaspersa and exophiala jeanselmei grown on solid medium was investigated using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and hierarchical clustering analysis. Pdf chromoblastomycosis in children and adolescents in. Transmission occurs through traumatic implantation of plant material colonized by c. The isothermal techniques evaluated were rollingcircle amplification rca, multiplex ligationdependent probe amplification mlpa, and loopmediated isothermal amplification lamp. Since 20, we have established a crosssectional study to document the current epidemiology of implantation mycoses in madagascar, including chromoblastomycosis 12. Chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii.
Endemic chromoblastomycosis caused predominantly by fonsecaea. Presentation of mycology proficiency testing data viii collection, transport, and culturing of clinical specimens for fungi 1. Studies on similarity and aetiological agents of cbm are still continued. Emerging infectious diseases, submitted for publication. These agents are slowgrowing fungi with low virulence and a high tolerance to heat 4042. Cladophialophora carrionii, and rhinocladiella aquaspersa table 1. Notes on this genus this genus has a complex taxonomy. Cladophialophora bantiana, 310 cladophialophora boppii, 312 cladophialophora carrionii, 315 scedosporium species complex formerly pseudallescheria boydii complex, 317 lomentospora prolificans formerly scedosporium prolificans, 321 verruconis species formerly ochroconis species, 324 curvularia species, 326 a closer look at. Oct 23, 2015 cladophialophora carrionii is the predominant agent of the disease under arid, desertlike climatic conditions.
Coccidioidomycosis spherules noticeably larger than surround. Chromoblastomycosis by cladophialophora carrionii associated. Cladophialophora bantiana a dematiaceous fungus and a member of the family. Molecular analysis and pathogenicity of the cladophialophora carrionii complex, with the description of a novel species. As the wellsupported cluster including our strain of interest was located at a significant phylogenetic distance from the remaining taxa, we propose to. Cladophialophora carrionii is a recognised agent of chromoblastomycosis and it has been. Pcr with this primer set amplified a 362bp amplicon from c. Cladophialophora carrionii is a melanized fungus in the genus cladophialophora that is. A genetic susceptibility is suggested by the development of several cases in a family, although this has. Pdf cladophialophora is a genus of black yeastlike fungi comprising a number. Cladophialophora samoensis was reported as a single case from humid tropical samoa in polynesia. Mycology laboratory at the wadsworth center, new york state department of health nysdoh is a reference diagnostic laboratory for the fungal diseases. Cladophialophora carrionii an overview sciencedirect.
Mycology proficiency testing program wadsworth center. In vitro antifungal susceptibility of cladophialophora. Cladophialophora is characterized by simple hyphomycetes with brown hyphae. Cladophialophora carrionii is a common cause of chromoblastomycosis in semiarid climates. Cns infections which are caused by fungi except cryptococcus neoformans. Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of nonimmunocompromised individuals caused by several dematiaceous fungi, including fonsecaea pedrosoi, fonsecaea compacta, phialophora verrucosa, cladosporium or cladophialophora carrionii, rhinocladiella. Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by cladophialophora. Results grow a melanized fungi with macroscopic and microscopic appearance identified as cladophialophora spp. Molecular ecology of fonsecaea sibling species isolated.
Chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii in a child from. We identified 29 cladophialophora carrionii isolates recovered from venezuelan. Cladophialophora carrionii is a recognised agent of chromoblastomycosis and it has been isolated from soils and fence posts made from eucalyptus sp. See also the detailed description page for this genus. Cladophialophora bantiana is the causative agent of numerous cases of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis many of which occur in immunocompetent individuals and most of which are fatal chakrabarti et al. Cladophialophora bantiana causes the rare brain disease cerebral phaeohyphomycosis. A rare case of cladophialophora caroinii chromoblastomycosis in a skin graft recipient. Some of the species are endophytes associating with plants. Endemic chromoblastomycosis caused predominantly by.
Cladophialophora uvadare digital academic repository. The surface of scopulariopsis brevicaulis has an appearance of powder having been sprinkled over the surface. We have developed the specific oligonucleotide primer set based on the internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal dna for the rapid identification of this pathogen. A limited number of fungi has been reported as the etiological agents. Isolates from phaeomycotic cysts and opportunistic infections have. Glorijoy shi en tan, li yang hsu, in reference module in biomedical sciences, 2018. Chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii in a. Biodiversity of the genus cladophialophora europe pmc. The laboratory services include testing for the dimorphic pathogenic fungi, unusual molds and yeasts pathogens.
Molecular ecology of fonsecaea sibling species isolated from. It is caused by various dematiaceous fungi present in soil. American cases reported in brazil, venezuela, state of falcon, venezuela 16. Diagnosis was made based on the mycology and histopathology findings of the. Synonym and classification data for cladophialophora spp. Cladophialophora carrionii journal of clinical microbiology. Cladophialophora carrionii displays a piledup or heaped morphology. It appears premature to accept this treatment of isolates previously considered to be m. Atlas of clinically important fungi mycology microbiology.
The genus contains black yeastlike fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. Cladophialophora carrionii previously cladosporium carrionii is among the most frequently isolated organisms associated with chromoblastomycosis, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions, including australia, south africa, and south america. Molecular diversity of cladophialophora carrionii in. Molecular analysis and pathogenicity of the cladophialophora. It is an occupational disease that predominates in tropical and subtropical regions, but there have been several reports of cases in temperate regions. The patient developed a nodule as the lateral malleolus of. Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous fungal infection caused by one of several pigmented dematiaceous fungi, most commonly. Members of fonsecaea are responsible for the diseases in the subtropical rain forest and adjacent regions 1214. Pdf biodiversity of the genus cladophialophora researchgate. Cladophialophora carrionii is part of a group of melanized fungi, also known as black yeasts because its.
Cladophialophora carrionii an overview sciencedirect topics. Case of cladophialophora caroinii chromoblastomycosis. Jcdr cladophialophora cladophialophora bantiana brain. Cutaneous involvement with cryptococcus neoformans in aids. From other relevant dematiaceous species, including medically important dematiaceous fungi, such as fonsecaea pedrosoi. Cases of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis have also been reported. Pdf chromoblastomycosis in children and adolescents in the.
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